He meaʻaneʻane kokoke i nā mea a pau e pili ana i ka meaʻai eʻike ai : Heʻino nā mea momona no mākou. Hoʻopili lākou i ko mākou mau kumu a hoʻoulu i ka naʻau.
ʻAʻole nō ia i ka manawa i hala koke aku nei, ua nui ka poʻe i kū i ka nīnau inā he maʻiʻole ka momona. ʻO ka nui o nā "mea"'ē aʻe e pili ana i ka meaʻai a mākou i manaʻo ai heʻoiaʻiʻo ia mai ka makahiki 1960 aiʻole pēlā.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻo ka Dietary Guidelines for Americans, kahi i kūkuluʻia ai nā pyramids kaulana a me nā papaʻai, ua hoʻololiʻia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Ua pau lākou i ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i ka nui o kaʻaiʻana i ka mea momona momona. Ke manaʻo nei lākou e pili ana i ke kō . Ua kū lākou i ka manaʻo lōʻihi e hana hewa ka cholesterol i kaʻai. Akā, ke manaʻo nei lākou i nā kapu kūpono i nā momona momona.
Pehea ka manaʻo nui o ka momona?
Ke aʻoʻia nei kaʻAhahuiʻAmelika eʻole i 5 ka 6 pakeneka o nā calorie mai loko mai o nā momona momona,ʻo ia he 12 mau momona o nā momona momona no ka mea maʻamau eʻai ana i 2,000 calories i kēlā lā i kēia lā. ʻO ka 2015 Dietary Guidelines no nāʻAmelika e'ōlelo ana e hoʻokaʻawale i ka momona momona i ka 10 pakeneka o nā calories,ʻo ia hoʻi he 22 grams o ka momona momona.
Uaʻike aneiʻoe heʻepaʻai pāpaʻi o kaʻaila Olive e loaʻa ana i nāʻeke 2 piha?
Ke manaʻo nei mākou i nā momona momona e like me ka momona momona, nā mea momona momona momona, a me kaʻaila niu, akā,ʻo nā momona a pau, he huiʻana o nā momona e like me nā mea momona.
ʻO kēia ke kumu nui loa no ka paʻakikī loa eʻai i ka meaʻai e like me ka momona o nā mea momona e like me kaʻAhahuiʻAmelika American e'ōlelo nei. He mea paʻakikī loa ka loaʻaʻana o nā meaola a pau i'ōleloʻia i kēlā lā i kēia lā ma kahiʻaiʻai haʻahaʻa i loko o ka momona momona.
No laila, he aha ka'ōlelo hoʻoholo?
ʻOiaiʻo kaʻaiʻana i nā momona momona he mea kūponoʻole ia no kekahi poʻe, a iʻole paha i kekahi mau hōʻailona (e like me nā mea'ē aʻe i loko o kaʻai) nā hewa no ka hewa i nā manawa āpau a no ka mālamaʻoleʻana o nā mea a pau.
Pehea mākou e manaʻoʻiʻo ai he momona kēia?
ʻO ka hopena kēia o ka hakakāʻana o nā kānakaʻepekema i ka waenakonu o ke kenekulia 20. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i ka nui o nā hōʻike ikaika e ka momona momona ka maʻi o ka naʻau, aʻo ka hapa nui o nā hōʻike i hōʻikeʻia i hōʻikeʻia i nā mea'eʻeʻewaʻe. I kekahi laʻana, i hoʻokahi hoʻokolohua maikaʻi iʻike nuiʻia, uaʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea puhi puaʻa kaumaha ma kahi hui momona.
ʻO nā haʻawina i hōʻikeʻia ma ka hōʻailona o nā kānaka i nā momona piha me nāʻaila wai, e like me kaʻaila kalo, ua iho i lalo ko lākou toto cholesterol. ʻO ka manaʻo o kēlā me kēia kanaka he meaʻuʻuku ka poʻe i ka maʻi maʻi. (Ma keʻano laulā,ʻaʻole lākou, akāʻoi aʻe ma kēlā mea.)
Eia nō naʻe, aia nō he mau mea hoʻoponoponoʻelua a no ka kū'ēʻana i ka Mūkau'Uiʻo Diet Heart, a ua lanakila kaʻaoʻao momona. Inā makemakeʻoe i ka moʻaukala o ka pāʻinaʻenehana hapekema e pili ana i ke maʻi maʻi (aʻoi aku ka nui o kēia kumuhana ma kaʻaoʻao whānui) ke hōʻike aku nei au i kēia mau pukeʻekolu:
- ʻO ka make ma ka meaʻaiʻai (2014) na Denise Minger
- Nā Kāleka maikaʻi, nā Kalikimakaʻino (2007) na Gary Taubes
- Ka Nui o ka Nui (2014) na Nina Teicholz
He aha ka mea i ulu mai mai ia manawa mai?
Ua hoʻonuiʻia ka nui o nā hoʻokolohua a me nā noiʻi hoʻomaluʻana i nā makahiki he 50 a hiki i ka wā i lanakila ai ua mauʻepekema lā i ka manaʻo . E S , hiki iāʻoe ke noʻonoʻo inā inā heʻoiaʻiʻo ka momona momona e hōʻeha ai nā kānaka i nā'ōpū a me nā hahau paha e hoʻomālama a maʻalahi aʻe i nā makahiki i hala.
I kēia manawa, e 100% ka ikaika, pono? ʻAʻole,ʻaʻole,ʻaʻole.
ʻO Christopher Ramsden:ʻO Hollock Holmes
Ua laweʻo Dr. Christopher Ramsden o nā National Institutes of Health (NIH) i kahiʻokoʻa'ē aʻe i ke kūlana. Ma kahi o ke aʻo houʻana, uaʻoki ihoʻo ia i loko o kaʻikepili o kaʻimiʻana i nā kūlana kūikawā, aʻaʻole paha i loaʻa iā lākou ka leka hoʻomaopopo iā lākou. Ua paʻiʻia ka hopena hope loa ma ka Nūpepa'Emika Pelekānia iʻApelila o 2016.
Ma kēia hana, ua hoʻiʻo Ramsden i ka'Imike Korokeka Minnesota, kahi i ukali i 9,000 mau kānaka no nā makahikiʻehā a me ka hapalua. Ua hoʻolālāʻia kēia poʻe, no laila e mālama ponoʻia nā meaʻai no ka hoʻokolohua.
E like me ka mea maʻamau i loko o kēia mau haʻawina, ua hāʻawiʻia kekahi hui i ka meaʻai maʻamau, a ma nā hui'ē aʻe i hoʻokiʻekiʻeʻia i nā momona polyunsaturated (nui o ka omega-6 momona) hoʻololi i nā momona. Ma hope o kahi hoʻokahi o ka puke i puka mai ma kēia noi nui, ua makemakeʻo Ramsden i kaʻike i nā mea'ē aʻe e hiki ke loaʻa.
Ke hoʻololiʻia nei i waena o ka poʻe i make i ka wā o ka hoʻonaʻauaoʻana,ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe iʻoi aku i ka 65 ke make inā lākou i loko o ka pūʻulu momona! Uaʻike pū nō hoʻiʻo Ramsden aia he mau pūʻulu autopsy i loaʻa no kahi o 30 pakeneka o nā poʻe i make i ka manawa o ke aʻoʻana. Uaʻikeʻo ia i ka poʻe i loaʻa nā pulina, 22 pakeneka o ka poʻe iʻai i ka meaʻai i make i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, aʻo 41% o ka poʻe i loko o ka pūʻulu momona.
He aha keʻano o kēia? ʻAʻole maikaʻi ia no ka "Poʻona Poʻona Poino", akā,ʻaʻole mākou iʻike. E like me kā Ramsden i hōʻike ai i kāna hōʻike, "I kaʻikeʻana i nā palena o nā hōʻike e kū nei,ʻo ka hōʻailona maikaʻi loa kahi o ka haʻahaʻa, e kuhikuhi ana i nā palena o kaʻike e kū nei a me ka hoʻonohonohoʻana i kahi kiʻekiʻe no kaʻikeʻana i nā mea i hikiʻole ke hāʻawiʻia e nā meaʻai kūlohelohe."
Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻowalewale i ka hopena o kā Dr. Ramsden huahana-ʻo ia hoʻi, ināʻaʻoleʻo ia i hana i ka likeʻana o kaʻikepili weheʻole i loaʻa iā ia ma ka Study Heart of Sydney i paiʻia ma 2013. Ua like nā hopena.
He Mean kēia?
ʻO kekahi o nā hualoaʻa aʻu i'ōlelo ai, hiki iā mākou ke noʻonoʻo i ka momona o ka momona i kā mākouʻai,ʻaʻole "ʻo ka maikaʻi wale nō," he "maikaʻi." E like me Christopher Ramsden, e aʻo wau i ka haʻahaʻa ma kēiaʻano. ʻAʻole mākou iʻike i kēia manawa.
Eia naʻe, eia kekahi mau manaʻo hoʻohihi a me nā mea hiki ke hana:
- 'Ōlelo pinepine mākou i ka "momona momona" me he mea hoʻokahi wale nō. Nui maoli nāʻano o nā momona i hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia, a he nui nā mea iʻikeʻia e hoʻohanaʻia i nāʻano likeʻole e ke kino. (Eia kekahi laʻana, he mau triglycerides liʻiliʻi)
- ʻO nā momona momona kaʻoi aku o ka paʻa, a emiʻole kaʻoi aku i ka hoʻonāʻana ma mua o nā momona'ē aʻe. Hiki paha i kekahi o nā hopena maikaʻiʻole i loaʻa mai i ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā momona polyunsaturated i kaʻai mai keʻano heʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka paleʻana, a he hopena maikaʻiʻole kēia i ke kino.
- ʻO nāʻaila i hoʻohanaʻia no ka hoʻolakoʻana i nā polyunsaturates, ua piha piha i nā momona omega-6 , ka mea hiki ke loaʻa i ka hopena inflammatory i ke kino.
- Ua hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻia kahi hui o nā kānakaʻepekema ma Netherlands i kekahi o nāʻike ma luna o nā momona i hoʻopihaʻia a manaʻoʻia he nui keʻano o nā momona, akā hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻiʻole ma lalo o keʻano o kahi kīʻaha kiʻekiʻe, a iʻole kaʻai maʻamau i nā mea iʻaiʻia. ʻO kekahi manaʻo'ē aʻe a lākou a me nā mea'ē aʻe i manaʻo ai,ʻo ka poʻe i loaʻa ka maʻi maʻamau a me ka mumū hoʻomauʻana eʻoi aku ka maikaʻiʻole i ka momona momona.
- Hōʻike mai kēia iaʻu i nā noi a Dr. Jeff Volek o ka hōʻikeʻana i ka wā eʻike ai i kaʻai kīʻaha nui,ʻo ke kino e puka mai i kahiʻano momona momona , hiki ke lilo i hoʻokahi o nāʻano pilikino.
- Hiki paha ke hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia mea ma ka paneʻana i nā momona momona ma muli o nā genetics. ʻO keʻano,ʻo nā kānaka me ka hoʻohuiʻanoʻano i kapaʻiaʻo ApoE4 eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me ka momona momona o kā lākou meaʻai.
ʻIke loa, he nui kā mākou e aʻo ai e pili ana i kēia kumuhana. Eia naʻe, keʻano o kaʻu heluheluʻana i nā hōʻike o kēia manawa, hiki i nā kānaka ke ho'ōki i kaʻaiʻana o ka mea'ē aʻe eʻai nei iā lākou i ke kuhi!
Nā kumuhana:
ʻO Chowdhury R, et al. ʻO ka hui o ka meaʻai, kaʻimiʻana, a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā waiʻona momona me nā pilikia o ke kumehana: he loiloi pūnaewele a me nā hōʻailonaʻano. Nā Annals of Internal Medicine 2014 Mā 18, 160 (6): 398-406. ia: 10.7326 / M13-1788.
Kuipers RS a. al. 'Okoʻo momona, nā waiʻalea a me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi. Netherlands Journal of Medicine . 2011 Sep; 69 (9): 372-8.
Ramsden, EC et. al. Hoʻomaopopo hou i ka kuhiakau o ka naʻau-i loko o ka naʻau: ka'imipili o nāʻikeʻikepili mai ka Hōʻailona Korokelaʻo Minnesota (1968-73). British Journally Medical l 2016 Apr 12:35 353: i1246. doi: 10.1136 / bmj.i1246.
Ramsden CE, et al. Ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka lāʻau linoleic i meaʻai no ka paleʻana i ke kino o ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka make: ke hoʻolālāʻiaʻana o nāʻikeʻikepili mai ka Sydney Diet Heart Study a me ka hōʻano houʻana. Ka Lapaau Hawaii Pelekane l. 2013; 346: e8707
Siri-Tarino, a. al. Ka meta-hoʻoponopono o ka poʻe hope e hoʻolālā ana i ka huiʻana o ka momona momona me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi. Ka NupepaʻAmelika o ka Nutritio Numehana n. 2010 Mar; 91 (3): 535-46. doi: 10.3945 / ajcn.2009.27725.