Pono nā meaʻai e pono aiʻoe no ke olakino maikaʻi i ke kīkīʻia i loko o nā meaʻai āu eʻai ai no lailaʻo kāuʻoihana pūnaewele ka hoʻopukaʻana iā lākou. Ma ke kaʻinaʻana o ka'ūpena, e uhakiʻia kaʻai i loko o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i hiki ke hoʻokuʻuʻia a hoʻomoloʻia nā meaola ma nā paia o ka'ōpū liʻiliʻi.
He lōʻihi loa ka manawa e pono ai kaʻai ke kaʻawale iā ia iho, no laila, pono nā enzymes digestive pono e hoʻopau i ka hana.
ʻO kēia mauʻenemi e hōʻole wale i nā meaʻai a pau; keʻano maoli lākou. Hiki i kekahi ke ukali i nā'ōpelu , kahi hapa i lalo, a haʻi kekahi i nā pale. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia maʻamau kekahi hana.
Hoʻokuʻuʻia ka nui o nā enzymes a hana i kāu'ōpiopio liʻiliʻi, akā, ua hoʻokuʻuʻia kekahi mau mea mai nā hue mai i kou waha a me ka'ōpū.
Nā Enzymes Pono Nui
Eia nā enzymes digestive maʻamau, kahi i hanaʻia ai, a me kā lākou hana:
Ana me amylase. Hanaʻia a hoʻokuʻuʻia e nā kīʻaha salivary i loko o kou waha. Hāmauʻo Amylase i ka mākoma i lalo o nā kaulahao o nā molecule glucose. Hana ia i ka waha, akā i ka manawa eʻai ai ka meaʻai i kou'ōpū, e hoʻopau ka pH acic i ia.
Lingual lipase. Hanaʻia e nā'āpana gui ma kou alelo a me ka hope o kou waha. Hana ka lipua lingual i ka waha a me ka'ōpū. Hoʻohaki ia i ke ala a me nā triacylglycerols lōʻihi (he mau momona) i nā'āpana liʻiliʻi.
Pepsin. ʻO ka enzyme mua i loko o ka'ōpū.
ʻO nā lehua nui i loko o ka'ōpū e hana i ka pepsinogen, i hoʻohuliʻia i ka pepsin e ka waiuma o ka'ōpū. Hoʻopili ka Pepes i nā proteins i loko o polypeptides a me nā amino acids.
ʻO ka lipase Gastric. ʻO kekahi enzyme pāʻani i hanaʻia e ka'ōpū. He like ia me ka lipase loli, akā naʻe e uhaʻi i nā triacylglycerols kapu a me ka maʻamau.
ʻO ka lingual a me ka lipid liposis ka mea nui i ka wā'ōpiopio no ka mea ua haki nā momona i loaʻa i ka waiū o ka makuahine.
ʻO Pancreatic amylase. Hanaʻia kēia enzyme e ka pancreas a hūnā i loko o ka'ōpū liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka pancreatic amylase ka mea e hoʻokahe i nā starches i nā kaulahao pōkole o glucose a me maltose.
ʻO ka lipase Pancreatic . Ua hanaʻia kekahi'ezymu pancreatic a hūnāʻia i loko o ka pūpū liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili ka lipase Pancreatic i nā triacylglycerols i diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, a me nā mea momona momona a me glycerol.
Trypsin a me chymotrypsin. Hoʻopau kēia mauʻonika pancreatic i nā proteins. Hāki lākou i nā proteine a me nā polypeptides i loko o ka polypeptides pōkole.
Nā Peptidases. Hanaʻia kēia mau enzymes i loko o ka'ōpū liʻiliʻi, koe wale no hoʻokahi (carboxypeptidase), i hanaʻia e ka pancreas. Hana nā peptidases ma ka'ōpū liʻiliʻi a kiʻi i kahi o ka trypsins a me ka pepsin i waihoʻia e hoʻemi i nā polypeptides i nā mea amino likeʻole.
ʻO Sugar Enzymes. ʻO kēia mau enzymesʻehā ua hanaʻia a weheʻia e nā pūnaewele i loko o ka uhi o ka'ōpū liʻiliʻi. Ke hana nei kēlā me kēlā me kēia lekino i kahiʻanoʻokoʻa o ke kō:
- Ukuwai. Hoʻohaki i ka sucrose (kapu kai) i ka glucose a me ka fructose.
- Lactase. Mākilo kēia i ka lactose (ka waiūpaʻa) i loko o ka glucose a me ka galactose.
- Maltase. Mākilo i ka maltose i ka glucose.
- Dextrinase. Hoʻohakiʻia nā kaulahao o ka glucose i loko o nā'āpana glucose.
Nā kumuhana:
Kākoʻo nui iā SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. "Nānā Kūikawā Loa a me ka Maluha Kiʻekiʻe Kanaka." ʻO ka heluʻeono. Waimanalo, HI. Wadsworth Publishing Company, 2013.
Smolin LA, Grosvenor, MB. "Nutrition: Science and Applications." ʻO ka'Ōleloʻekolu. Wiley Publishing Company, 2013.
ʻO ka 'Oihana Ola Ola a me nā lawelawe pilikino, kaʻike National Cleaninghouse Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). "ʻO kāu Pūnaha Hoʻomoe a me pehea e hana ai." http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Anatomy/your-digestive-system/Pages/anatomy.aspx.