Hoʻomaopopoʻo FDA i kekahi no kekahiʻai iʻa
Ma nā mea maikaʻi a pau, nui nāʻano iʻa e like me ka salmon, kaʻolo, a me ka cod i loko o ka mercury metabolized. Eia kekahi,ʻo ka trepidation e pili ana i ka metabolized mercury i loaʻa i ka iʻa iʻaʻaʻole he mea hou, a,ʻo ka nui, he meaʻai loa ka iʻa. Eia naʻe, ke hana nei ka FDA i kēia manawa no ka hōʻoiaʻana i kāna mau'ōlelo aʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻohanaʻiaʻana o ka iʻa e nā wāhine hānau, nā mākua hānai, nā wāhine e manaʻo ana i ka'ōpū a me nā keiki'ōpio.
ʻO nā kumu a me nā mea'ē aʻe kekahi e pili ana i ka hōʻailona kūlohelohe nui e hiki ai i kēia mercury ke pale aku i kā mākou physiology-ma ka hopena o kāna mau hopena ma nā keikikāne a me nā keiki liʻiliʻi e mau nei a me ka hoʻolālā.
Pehea ka hana a Mercury i loko o ka meaʻai?
Hoʻokumuʻiaʻo Mercury i ka iʻa, iʻa, a me ka lawaiʻa, ma nā ala kaʻapuni.
ʻO ka mea mua, ka mercury (Hg 0 ) i hanaʻia e nāʻano hana kūlohelohe (e noʻonoʻo i nā ahi ahi a iʻole ka lua pele) a piʻi ka lepo (puhiʻana i nā puhi lepo) i ka lewa. ʻO ka manawa i ka lewa, ua paleʻia kēia mercury e lilo i ka nui o ka mercury inorganic (Hg 2+ ) a laila hoʻi i ka honua me he ua lā. Hiki i nā pēpē'eneki like me ka plankton methylates kēia mercury (me Megg + a me ka methylmercury), a waiho kēia me ka methylmercury i loko o ka lipids a momona o nā holoholona, e hoʻoholo i ke ala a pau.
ʻO ka iʻa makamae lōʻihi ma ke poʻo o ka meaʻai likeʻole me ka shark, ka iʻa, a me ka mōleka aliʻi e hoʻopili ana i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka mercury, e hoʻoulu ai iā lākou i nā wāhine hāpai a me nā keiki'ōpio me ka hoʻolālāʻana i nā pūʻali koa.
No ke aha he mea weliweli ka Methylmercury?
Hoʻopili nā meaʻelua i ka mercury a me ka methylmercury me ka sulfur i loaʻa i nā pālahalaha e hoʻopilikia i ka koloʻo o ko mākou kino ma nāʻano he nui a me ke kaumaha. ʻO keʻano hou aku, hana ka mercury i ka hoʻonāukiuki kaulike ma nā pūnaewele (e noʻonoʻo i ke kūkuluʻiaʻana o nā radical free), nā mīkini me microtubules (e noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻohaunaele i ka puʻupuʻu) a hiki paha ke ho'āla i kahi kamehameha.
ʻOiaʻiʻo,ʻaʻole mākou i maopopo maopopo i ka laweʻana o Mercury iā mākou, akā, he mea weliweli ka mea iʻikeʻia e pili ana i ka lāʻau make.
Eia kekahi mauʻano hewa e hiki ai i ka methylmercury ke hoʻopili me ko mākou kino:
- makapō
- maʻi pīpī
- nā pilikia ulu
- nā kīnā o ke kino
- luhi
- lohe ka lohe
- ke kumuxia (ka nele o ka hoʻohuiʻana i nā hoʻoikaika o nā mīkini)
- ua nui ke kino
- nā hoʻoikaika
- maʻi'ōpū (me ka lāʻauʻawaʻawa nui)
- ka make (me ka lāʻauʻawaʻawa nui)
- maʻi maʻi (kahi noiʻi hou loa e hōʻike ai e hiki ke hāʻawi i ka methylmercury i ke atherosclerosis)
ʻO ka leka, kekahi o kēia mau hopena maʻi neurological e like me ka maʻi maʻi pīpī a me nā hopena ulu i nā keiki me nā keiki'ōpio. No laila, ua hoʻopuka ka FDA a me nāʻoihana ola kino i nā hoʻolaha e pili ana i kēia poʻe.
ʻOiaiʻo ka mercury e hoʻokuʻiʻia e ke ake a me nā puʻupaʻa, heʻano hapalua ka lōʻihi o ke kino. Ma nā'ōlelo'ē aʻe, lōʻihi ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ai iā mākou iho i ka mercury hoʻokauʻia. Eia kekahi, ua aneane pau ka laweʻana o ka methylmercury mai ka'ōpū o ka maʻihinuhinu a ua maikaʻi loa ma ke kāpaeʻana i ka pale o ka lolo koko, e hana ana i ka lolo a me ke olonā e pili ana i ka hopena.
ʻO ka hoʻonāukiuki me ka methylmercury he mea hōʻole, a likeʻole me nāʻanoʻanoʻoi aʻe o ka waihā mercury, chelation a me ka laas (vomiting)ʻaʻole e pale i kou kino o kēia mea kaumaha.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻo ka paleʻana wale nō ka pale a mākou i kū'ē i ka methylmercury. I kekahi'ōlelo'ē aʻe,ʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa e hana ai me ka methylmercury ka paʻiʻana,ʻo ia ke pale i kānaʻaiʻana ma kahi mua.
He aha ka manaʻo o ka Methylmercury in Seafood iāʻoe?
E like me ka kuhikuhiʻana a ka FDA a me nā mea'ē aʻe he nui, pono mākou e hoʻomanaʻo i keʻano momona o ka iʻa e loaʻa i nā meaola, nā mineral, a me nā huaora. Eia kekahi, ka momona o ka iʻa i loko o ka momona momona a kiʻekiʻe i nā omega-3 mau momona. ʻO mākou a pau,ʻo ka wahine hāpai a me nā keiki'ōpiopio, e hoʻokomo i nā huaola olakino, nā mea i makemakeʻia a me nāʻanoʻai o ka iʻa i kā mākouʻai.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, me kona aʻoʻana i ka manawa i hoʻopuka houʻia,ʻo ka FDA ke koi i nā wāhine hāpai, nā mākua hānai a me nā makuahine e manaʻo ana i ka'ōpū eʻai i ka 8 a 12 mauʻepa o ka iʻa i kēlā me kēia hebedoma, aʻo nā keiki i ka makahiki 2 a hiki i 8 eʻai i 3 a 6 'aune.
I nā hua'ōlelo'ē aʻe, eʻai ka poʻe i ia mau mea i ka 2 a 3 mauʻai i ka hebedoma.
Eia naʻe, ke aʻo nei ka FDA i nā wāhine hāpai, nā mea hānai hānai, nā wāhine e kali ana i ka'ōpū a me nā keiki'ōpiopio eʻai i nā iʻa i nā haʻahaʻa o ka methylmercury e like me ka tilapia, ka iʻa, a me ke kāwili. Eia kekahi, ke koiʻia nei nā manu e kū'ē i kaʻaiʻana i ka mano, ka iʻa, ke kāpili aliʻi, a me ka tilefish i laweʻia mai ke kahawaiʻo Gulf. Eia hou,ʻo nā kānaka eʻai ana i nā iʻa mai nā loko kai piha e pono e mālama i nā'ōlelo aʻo kūloko e pili ana i nāʻano mercury a me ka hopohopo i nā iʻa i hōʻiliʻiliʻia mai nā wahi me kaʻole o nāʻike.
ʻO kaʻike,ʻoiai ka papa inoa o ka FDA e hoʻopaʻa i ka tuna e like me ka nui o ka mercury, ua paioʻia kēia helu e nā poʻe akamai a hiki i kahi makuahine a me nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi e haʻalele i ka tuna.
Eʻoluʻolu e hoʻomanaʻo i loko o koʻu manaʻo ma muli o ka mea i haʻi aku ai iāʻoe i kēia manawa,ʻo ka'ōlelo aʻo a FDA kekahi'ōlelo aʻo kūpono . He mea paʻakikī ka hikiʻole i ka hopena o kaʻona e loaʻa i ka hopena pilikia ka hopena o ka methylmercury. No ka laʻana, ināʻoe e maleʻana a hānai hānai a hoʻoneleʻoe aʻai iho i kahi kai kōkena ma loko o Valentine's brunch me kāu wahine,ʻaʻohe pono e hoʻokuʻu. E ho'āʻo wale e haʻalele i kēlā iʻa i ka hapanui o ka manawa a hoʻemi i ka laweʻana i ka iʻa no ka pule o ka pule - he kumu i hanaʻia e FDA.
Me nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka methylmercury ma nā meaʻono,ʻo ka hapanui o nāʻAmelika e mau ana i ka hohonu o ka mercury i loko o ko lākou kino -ʻo ia hoʻi ma waena o ka poʻe eʻai ana i ka iʻa kai eʻe, nā iʻaʻoi aʻe ma mua o ka awelika, aʻo nā meaʻelua. Eia kekahi laʻana, ua loiloi kahi noiʻi hou i ka helu o nā mākua me ka nui o ka helu EPA blood-mercury i manaʻoʻia he mea kūlohelohe (ʻoi aʻe a like paha me 5.8 micrograms o ka leka) i ka 4.6 pakeneka. Eia kekahi,ʻo kahi haʻawina nui i hoʻolālāʻia he 0.5 pakeneka o nā'ōpio o ka makahiki 1 a 19 makahiki i hoʻopaʻaʻia no nā koko mercury.
Nā Puna i waeʻia
Byrns MC, Penning TM. Mokuna 67. Nānā Hinolima: Carcinogens a me Hea Malu. In: Brunon LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. eds. The Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2011.
"He Huakaʻi Hou o Mercury Exposure Hoʻohui pū me ka Liloʻana i nā Paila Lakai Mai kahi Pākai ma Rural South Central USA" na Z Dong a me nā mea kākau i paiʻia ma ka Research Environment in 2015.
"Eʻai i ka iʻa aʻaʻoleʻaʻole eʻai i ka iʻa" na R Nelson mai AJN i paʻiʻia i ka makahiki 2015.
"Ma mua aʻe o ka hapalua o ka lawelaweʻana i nā meaʻai a me ka nui loa o nā koko o ka USER ma lalo o ka EPA Nānā, 2009-2012" na SJ Nielsen a me nā mea kākau i paiʻia ma ka Journal of Nutrition Nutritional Epidemiology .